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MySQL群集双机模拟方案

  硬件配置

  

  普通PC server * 2 (最小集群环境需要4台服务器)

  

  模拟环境

  

  red hat linux9 for x86 (or red hat AS 2以上版本),glibc-2.2, static, gcc

  

  MySQL版本4.1.12 binares

  

  mysql-max binary版本目前只支持linux、max os x和solaris

  

  本方案不涉及从源代码编译安装

  

  主机 IP地址 用途

  

  ndb1_mgmd_sqld 1192.168.1.100 Ndb node1+mgmd node1+sqld node1

  ndb2_sqld2 192.168.1.200 Ndb node2+sqld node2

  

  Mgmd:management server

  sqld:mysql server

  ndb:storaged node (share-nothing,base in memory)

  

  安装

  

  从http://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/4.1.html下载mysql-max-4.1.12-pc-linux-gnu-i686.tar.gz到/var/tmp

  Storage and SQL Node Installation

  

  在两台主机上执行如下过程

  

  shell>groupadd mysql

  shell>useradd -g mysql mysql

  shell>tar zxfv mysql-max-4.1.12-pc-linux-gnu-i686.tar.gz

  shell>cp -vr mysql-max-4.1.12-pc-linux-gnu-i686 /usr/local/mysql-max-4.1.12-pc-linux-gnu-i686

  shell>cd /usr/local

  shell>ln -s mysql-max-4.1.12-pc-linux-gnu-i686 mysql

  shell>cd mysql;scripts/mysql_install_db –user=mysql

  shell>chown -R root .;chown -R mysql data;chgrp -R mysql .

  shell>cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/rc.d/init.d/

  shell>chmod +x /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysql.server

  shell>chkconfig --add mysql.server

  shell>chkconfig –level 3 mysql.server off

  Management Node Installation

  

  在主机ndb1_mgmd_sqld1上执行如下过程

  

  shell>cd /var/tmp

  shell>tar -zxvf mysql-max-4.1.12a-pc-linux-gnu-i686.tar.gz /usr/local/bin '*/bin/ndb_mgm*'

  Configuration

  Configuring the Storage and SQL Nodes

  

  在两台主机上执行如下过程:

  

  shell>vi /etc/my.cnf

  [MYSQLD]             # Options for mysqld process:

  ndbcluster           # run NDB engine

  ndb-connectstring=192.168.1.100  # location of MGM node

  

  [MYSQL_CLUSTER]         # Options for ndbd process:

  ndb-connectstring=192.168.1.100  # location of MGM node

  

  Configuring the Management Node

  

  在主机ndb1_mgmd_sqld1上执行如下过程

  

  shell>mkdir /var/lib/mysql-cluster

  shell>cd /var/lib/mysql-cluster

  shell>vi config.ini

  [NDBD DEFAULT]   # Options affecting ndbd processes on all data nodes:

  NoOfReplicas=2   # Number of replicas

  DataMemory=80M   # How much memory to allocate for data storage

  IndexMemory=52M  # How much memory to allocate for index storage

  # For DataMemory and IndexMemory, we have used the

  # default values. Since the "world" database takes up

  # only about 500KB, this should be more than enough for

  # this example Cluster setup.

  [TCP DEFAULT]

  

  [NDB_MGMD]        # Management process options:

  hostname=192.168.1.100 # Hostname or IP address of MGM node

  datadir=/var/lib/mysql-cluster  # Directory for MGM node logfiles

  

  [NDBD]             # Options for data node "A":

  # (one [NDBD] section per data node)

  HostName=192.168.1.100      # Hostname or IP address

  DataDir=/usr/local/mysql/data  # Directory for this data node's datafiles

  

  [NDBD]             # Options for data node "B":

  hostname=192.168.1.200      # Hostname or IP address

  datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data  # Directory for this data node's datafiles

  

  [MYSQLD]             # SQL node options:

  hostname=192.168.1.100     # Hostname or IP address

  # Directory for SQL node's datafiles

  # (additional mysqld connections can be

  # specified for this node for various

  # purposes such as running ndb_restore)

  

  [MYSQLD] # SQL node options:

  hostname=192.168.1.200     # Hostname or IP address

  # Directory for SQL node's datafiles

  # (additional mysqld connections can be

  # specified for this node for various

  # purposes such as running ndb_restore)

  

  第一次启动

  

  在主机ndb1_mgmd_sqld1上执行如下过程

  

  shell> ndb_mgmd -f /var/lib/mysql-cluster/config.ini

  

  在两台主机上执行如下过程

  

  shell>ndbd –initial (note:--initial选项只能在第一次启动的时候使用)

  shell>/etc/init.d/mysql.server start

  

  测试

  

  在主机ndb1_mgmd_sqld1上执行如下过程

  shell> ndb_mgm

  -- NDB Cluster -- Management Client --

  ndb_mgm> show

  Connected to Management Server at: localhost:1186

  Cluster Configuration

  ---------------------

  [ndbd(NDB)]   2 node(s)

  id=2  @192.168.0.100 (Version: 4.1.12, Nodegroup: 0, Master)

  id=3  @192.168.0.200 (Version: 4.1.12, Nodegroup: 0)

  

  [ndb_mgmd(MGM)] 1 node(s)

  id=1  @192.168.0.100 (Version: 4.1.12)

  

  [mysqld(SQL)]  1 node(s)

  id=4  (Version: 4.1.12)

  

  出现如上信息则表示mysql群集安装成功

  

  数据抽样测试

  

  在主机ndb1_mgmd_sqld1上执行如下过程

  

  shell>/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -u root test

  MySQL>DROP TABLE IF EXISTS City;

  CREATE TABLE City (

  ID int(11) NOT NULL auto_increment,

  Name char(35) NOT NULL default '',

  CountryCode char(3) NOT NULL default '',

  District char(20) NOT NULL default '',

  Population int(11) NOT NULL default '0',

  PRIMARY KEY (ID)

  ) ENGINE=NDBCLUSTER;

  

  MySQL>INSERT INTO City VALUES (1,'Kabul','AFG','Kabol',1780000);

  INSERT INTO City VALUES (2,'Qandahar','AFG','Qandahar',237500);

  INSERT INTO City VALUES (3,'Herat','AFG','Herat',186800);

  

  在主机ndb2_sqld2上执行如下过程

  

  shell>/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -u root mysql

  MySQSL>select * from City;

  

  如果成功显示数据信息,则表示集群已经成功启动

  

  Safe Shutdown and Restart

  

  在主机ndb1_mgmd_sqld1上执行如下过程

  

  shell>ndb_mgm -e shutdown (关闭集群服务器,storage node也会自动被关闭)

  

  在两台主机上执行如下过程

  

  shell>/etc/init.d/mysql.server stop

  

  重新启动集群(顺序不能弄错)

  

  在主机ndb1_mgmd_sqld1上执行如下过程

  

  shell> ndb_mgmd -f /var/lib/mysql-cluster/config.ini

  

  在两台主机上执行如下过程

  

  shell>/usr/local/mysql/bin/ndbd

  

  启动完ndbd进程后启动sqld进程

  

  shell>/etc/init.d/mysql.server start

  

  附:

  

  config.ini中各部分解释

  

  [COMPUTER]: 定义群集主机.

  

  [NDBD]: 定义群集数据节点.

  

  [MYSQLD]: 定义Sql server节点.

  

  [MGM|NDB_MGMD]: Defines the management server node in the cluster.

  [TCP]: Defines TCP/IP connections between nodes in the cluster, with TCP/IP being the default connection protocol.

  [SHM]: Defines shared-memory connections between nodes. 在MySQL 4.1.9之前,这个功能必须使用--with-ndb-shm option编译进去, 从MySQL 4.1.9-max版本开始, it is enabled by default