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PHP分析.wav文件并绘制png格式的波形图

  用Php分析并绘制音频文件的波形图,网上还是很少见到。其实只要根据wav文件的规范,用Php的fseek,fopen,fopen,pack/unpack等函数,以及强大的gd图形库,这些都是很容易的。很多人可能对pack/unpack函数不熟悉;这其实是Php借用perl的,他们提供了使用脚本语言访问复杂二进制数据结构的方法。我的这段简化的程序只能处理PCM格式的RIFF音频文件(这也是最常见的wav格式) ,不限声道,但是比特率(BitsPerSample)最好是16。
  这里有wave file format 和 MicroSoft wave soundfile format可以参考。这里是一个实际的例子(下载放大看)
  
以下是引用片段:
  1 <?Php  2
  3 function wav_graph($file, $f=0, $w=0)
  4 {
  5 global $DATA_DIR;
  6
  7 if(!is_file($file)) return 0;
  8 $fp = fopen($DATA_DIR.$file, 'r');
  9 $raw = fread($fp, 36);
  10 $str = '';
  11 $header = unpack('A4Riff/VSize/A4Wav/A4Head/VHeadSize/vPCM/vChannels/VSampleRate/VByteRate/vBlockAlign/vSampleBits', $raw);
  12 foreach($header as $k=>$v)
  13 $str .= $k.': '. $v.' ';
  14 fseek($fp, 36 + $header['HeadSize'] - 16);
  15 $raw = fread($fp, 8);
  16 $data = unpack('A4Data/VDataSize', $raw);
  17 foreach($data as $k=>$v)
  18 $str .= $k.': '. $v.' ';
  19
  20 $b = $header['SampleBits'];
  21 $c = $header['Channels'];
  22 $l = $b * $c / 8; // sample frame length in bytes
  23 $s = $data['DataSize'] / $l; // total number of samples
  24 $r = $header['SampleRate'];
  25 if($f) $h = pow(2, $b) / $f;
  26 else { $h = 200; $f = pow(2, $b - 1) / $h; }
  27 if($w == 0) $w = round($r / 1000); // default to show 1k sample frames per minute
  28
  29 header("Content-type: image/png");
  30 $im = imagecreate($s / $w, $h * $c * 2);
  31 imagecolorallocate($im, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff); // white bg
  32 $color = imagecolorallocate($im, 0, 0, 255); // black
  33 //imagestring($im, 5, 5, 5, $str, $color);
  34
  35 $x=0; $y = array(); $yn = array();
  36 for($i = 0; $i < $c; $i++) $y[$i] = $h * $i + $h;
  37 $n = $l * $w;
  38 while(1)
  39 {
  40 if($s == 0) break;
  41 if($s < $n) $n = $s;
  42 $samples = fread($fp, 1000 * $n);
  43 if($samples === FALSE) break;
  44 $packed = unpack("s*", $samples);
  45 foreach($packed as $k=>$v)
  46 {
  47 $cnt = ($k-1) % ($w * $l) ;
  48 if( $cnt > $c - 1) continue;
  49 $yn[$cnt] = $h * $cnt + $h - $v / $f;
  50 imageline($im, $x, $y[$cnt], $x+1, $yn[$cnt], $color);
  51 $y[$cnt] = $yn[$cnt];
  52 $x++;
  53 }
  54 $s -= $n;
  55 }
  56
  57 imagepng($im);
  58 imagedestroy($im);
  59 }
  60
  61 //wav_graph('audio2.wav');
  62 ?>